Add flash object java script wordpress postJobs
IMPORTANT FOLLOW THE SH...this terrain is made with a provided image as the heightmap. I can also provide a tutorial of what is needed to be done using the heightmap i will provide The terrain is small, I'm not looking for anything too complex at this stage. i provided a raw image in case this dont work you can make one from the png In terms of environmental features, I would like a plane as the water body as a separated object. Ideal skills and experience for the job include: - Proficient in Unity with a strong background in terrain design - Ability to work with provided images for heightmaps - Strong understanding of texturing and color creation for terrains - Experience with Unity's terrain tools and water bodies - Good communication skills and adherence to deadlines ...
Post a testimonial on Google Business Link below from the Text file along with your own comments from ChatGPT. Google Maps link: Multiple Winners possible!!
...intended to cater to two distinct user roles: moderators (who also function as admins) and regular users. Moderator/Admin User Features: - User Management: Ability to manage the users on the platform - Review Management: The capability to oversee and moderate game reviews - Dashboard: An intuitive, easy-to-use dashboard to help keep track of the website's activity and health Normal User Features: - Post Reviews: Simple, user-friendly functionality for posting reviews of games - Read Reviews: Easy access to other users' reviews of various games - User Profile: An individual profile for each user, where they can manage their reviews, profile information, and settings Game Review Content: Each game review should include: - The Game Title - A Detailed Description of the...
...purposes. Your work will be crucial in creating and enhancing reporting for accessing all tables and columns of data that I will need to build comprehensive, robust reporting. Success and competition of this project is defined as: Freelancer must provide a working solution to me. Freelancer must demo it to me working on their side, and on my side. Freelancer should ensure I can easily run this script or program on demand on my side, and that I am happy with the results. Freelancer must also be experienced and proficient in Amazon Seller Central and marketing metrics. Freelancer must be experienced and knowledgeable in Amazon policies and metrics. Proficiency in working with Amazon Seller Central and marketing metrics is essential for success in this role. Ideal Skills: -Ex...
I'm in need of a Spring application that offers a multi-authentication system to allow users to log in using Oauth2, DB username/password, and LDAP, all integrated into a single application. Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in Java and Spring Framework - Experience with Oauth2, LDAP, and database management - Strong understanding of security practices and multi-authentication configurations I would require the following features: - Seamless integration of Oauth2, DB username/password, and LDAP for user authentication
I'm seeking a Power BI expert to create a Territory Map of both Zip and State. Key Project Requirements: **Mapping:** Your task involves creating the map with both zip and state information. **Data Update:** The map should be updated periodically, not in real-time. I'm using ARCgis in Power BI to create maps. I can create a good map based on zip codes, or based on st...but some states are considered one territory. So, I need to apply first a filter by zip code, and then a layer based on state on top of that. Attached is the territory map by zip code that I created with Power BI. I need it to look like that but with New Mexico, Arizona, and Nevada fully colored in with different colors. This may be possible with only Power BI knowledge or may require some java ...
I am seeking a skilled professional for TIF to DWG conversion of a detailed drawing. - The project's goal is to edit and modify the drawing post the conversion. - The DWG file should be formatted precisely for AutoCAD 2014 compatibility. - Consistency and accuracy are important; the DWG format needs to mirror the TIF file extensively, maintaining every fine detail. Ideal freelancer would bring: - Proficiency in AutoCAD 2014. - In-depth knowledge of TIF to DWG conversions. - Attention to detail to warrant detailed precision.
I am in need of a shell script that can automate some basic file operations for me. The tasks I am looking to automate include copying, moving, and deleting files. Key Requirements: - The shell script should be designed to automate repetitive tasks, making my workflow more efficient and less manual. - The script is expected to handle basic file operations with ease and accuracy. Ideal Experience: - Proven experience in shell scripting and automation - Strong understanding of basic file system operations - Familiarity with designing scripts for repetitive tasks Please note that I do not require the script to interact with any other software or services. It's a standalone tool for handling file operations.
...the accuracy and efficiency of the auditing process. We're looking for a talented AI/ML specialist to help build our smart contract auditing bot/script. We're hoping to use ML/AI or something similar to train the model on the data found in Please only apply if you: - Are 100% certain you can build this/know how to build this. - Have CLEAR EVIDENCE of previously built bots. - Have an understanding of web3 or are easily able to learn new concepts. - Are able to submit a CLEAR plan of how you will build the bot/script and how long it will take. Additionally, please provide: - A proposal with your pricing for creating the script/bot. - A separate proposal with pricing for a detailed methodology/plan on how to conduct such a project. That we can build on o...
I am in need of an experienced Node.js developer to assist with a critical bug within my back-end code. This is a quick, 5-minute task for the right professional. Key Responsibilities: - Identify the root cause of the bug in the back-end code - Implement a fix that ensures correct functionality post-resolution Requirements: - Strong experience in Node.js - Proven track record in bug fixing - Ability to work swiftly and independently This task is essential to the correct functionality of my application and its timely resolution is of utmost importance. Thank you for your interest.
...editing with the voice over smoothly. What's in it for you: - Payment per video, paid weekly. The more videos you create, the more you earn. - Flexible work hours – you can record at your convenience. - Collaborate with a motivated team to produce valuable content. - A long-term position offering stability and flexibility. If this opportunity appeals to you, we'd love to hear from you! This job post is for the long-term, so if you're looking for a long, stable income with flexible hours then this might be the right job for you! Please include a voice sample + video editing examples with your message, and don't hesitate to ask any questions you may have. If you don’t include a voice sample I won’t react. Also please mention your favorite an...
...who can create a mobile app with a comprehensive set of features, including profiles, messaging and timeline functionality. Primary Functions: - The app should allow users to create and manage profiles. This feature should be user-friendly and secure. - The app should provide a messaging platform that's intuitive and reliable. - The app should include timeline functionality, enabling users to post and interact with content in a structured manner. Additional Features: - User authentication is a top priority. Security is key for the app, so users' personal information and data should be thoroughly protected. - Social media integration is essential. The app should allow users to connect their profiles to popular social media platforms. - Push notifications are important...
We are in need of a competent Java developer to build a standalone application which will require integration with databases. Skills and experience required: - Proficiency in Java - Experience in standalone application development - Knowledge and experience of integrating Java applications with databases Candidates who can demonstrate their capability in these areas will be highly considered. Don't hesitate to ask any questions you might have about the project.
I'm in need of high quality 360° video shooting and editing service for a tourism and events project in Orlando, Florida. This footage is meant to be seen via Oculus VR Glasses. Key Details: - The final video duration should be around 2 minutes. - The video will serve tourism and event promotion purposes. Ideal candidates should have: - Proficiency in 360° video shooting and post-production editing. - Demonstrated experience in creating engaging tourism and event videos. - Familiarity with local Orlando scene would be a bonus. Please provide examples of past 360° video projects when bidding. Looking forward to your creative proposals!
...I2S codec) to the data stream. The SPI link works stable but there are some changes that need to be done to the firmware in order for the synced STM32 to be able to flash itself: Two possibly related issues: - A Firmware Update function exists that transmits firmware package via USB, temporarily saves it to SDRAM, then uploads a "flasher" program to the STM32, which lets it write the data in SDRAM to its own flash memory. This feature does not work on the synced STM32: it crashes and the previous firmware becomes corrupted. Possibly related to SPI DMA interrupts or SAI DMA interrupts? - Upload patch to flash as startup: the flash memory in the STM32 is divided in basic firmware implementing all general functions and communication, and a patch memo...
...for a skilled professional to update my current Prestashop platform from version 1.7.7.2 to the latest version 1.7.8.11. As I have custom themes installed, it's crucial to ensure that all of them are compatible and functioning correctly post-update. Additionally, I need all existing bugs that may arise from the update to be identified and fixed to ensure a seamless user experience. Key Tasks: - Update Prestashop from 1.7.7.2 to 1.7.8.11 - Ensure compatibility of existing custom themes with the new version - Identify and fix any bugs or issues that arise post-update Expectations: - The updated platform should be fully functional and all existing custom themes should work as intended - Any bugs or issues should be resolved promptly to maintain the site's usabili...
I'm in need of a Python developer to create a script that will convert data from a Google Sheet into individual text files. Key Requirements: - Data Handling: You should have experience in handling data from Google Sheets, and be able to efficiently transfer it to text files. - Unique ID Generation: The script should include a mechanism for generating a unique ID for each text file. This ID should be randomly generated. - Custom Header or Footer: Each text file should have a custom header or footer. Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in Python - Experience with Google Sheets API - Strong understanding of data handling and file creation - Knowledge of random ID generation - Ability to add custom header or footer to files
I have recently installed Meta Pixel code on my Squarespace website. However, I'm encountering issues with event registration post-installation. Key Points: - Troubleshoot Pixel Implementation: I need assistance in identifying the root cause of why events aren't registering. - Code Review: Ensure the Meta Pixel code is correctly set up on my Squarespace site. - Recommendations: Provide recommendations on how to fix the issue and potentially improve the Meta Pixel code implementation. Ideal Skills: - Proficient in Meta Pixel and Facebook Pixel setup. - Extensive experience with Squarespace. - Strong troubleshooting and problem-solving skills. - Clear communication on technical issues and solutions. Looking for a professional who can help me resolve this issue promptly ...
I'm seeking a video creator/editor with expertise in product-focused promotional videos for a business campaign. Your task will include: - Creating engaging, product-focused videos to promote our brand. - Inclusion of our company logo in all promotional materials. The ideal candidate has significant experience with commercial video production and post-production workflows. They are comfortable incorporating brand logos aesthetically and seamlessly into the video content. Relevant portfolio examples showcasing product-focused promotional videos will make you stand out in your application.
I'm in need with Arabic voice over of a 30-minute documentary film that will highlight the achievements, challenges, upbringing, behavior, beliefs, convictions, and more of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih. The main focus should be on the leadership lessons that can be derived from his life, from birth to death. Key Points: - I don't have any pre-recorded footage or a script for the documentary. - The target audience for this film would be trainees and researchers looking to extract valuable leadership lessons from the lives of historical figures and leaders. This project would be ideal for a freelancer who has experience in historical documentaries, and who is capable of conducting thorough research and structuring a compelling narrative. A keen eye for detail, storytelling ...
...advertisement for a certification body. The video should be professional, targeted, and drive potential clients to our services. Key tasks are as follows: 1. Concept Development: Conceptualize and storyboard a compelling 30-second ad that conveys our services effectively. 2. Production: Filming and directing the ad utilizing professional equipment and techniques for high-quality output. 3. Post-Production: Editing the video for clarity, brevity, and impact. Ideal skills and experience: - Advanced knowledge in videography and professional-quality equipment. - Proven experience in developing and producing live-action promotional videos. - Deep understanding of certification body industry. - Proven ability to create engaging, sales-driven content for marketing purposes. T...
Implementing AI key features within Microsoft Copilot Studio. This document ou...actionable elements such as inline code reviews, task assignments, and notifications. • Option to track conversation history and manage notifications effectively. Deliverables: • Fully functional implementations of the three features within Microsoft Copilot Studio. • Documentation covering setup instructions, usage guidelines, and any customizations made. • Support and maintenance for a specified period post-deployment (if applicable). Timeline: The project timeline will be 15 to 20 working days, taking into account the complexity of the features and your availability. Budget: We have allocated a budget of 60,000 RS/- for this project. Kindly provide your cost estimate based on the ...
I'm in need of a web security expert with comprehensive knowledge in Secure Coding Practices. Ideally, you'll have: - Proficient experience in Python, Java, or C++ - Look for a programmer, web developer, or cybersecurity person who has experience in authenticating accounts or experience using Burp Suite tools.
...cards. This program will undertake a couple of key tasks: - Image Classification - Object Detection In terms of output, I require the processed videos to generate a Metadata file, which ideally is formatted into an Excel or CSV file. This data should include details such as date, time, classification, and direction. While I do have an Azure account for hosting and I am comfortable with it, I am also open to suggestions on which programming language would be the best fit for this project. The ideal freelancer for this task should possess the following skills and experience: - Proficiency in Python, C++, or Java - Familiarity with Microsoft Azure or similar - Experience in image classification and object detection - Ability to create Metadata files in Excel or...
...be used through a script with a membership system, ready, useful and nice design. People who will work as a partner of our agency will be able to enter from a url such as and login or register. Since this page will be open to everyone, it will have a simple design that explains our affiliate marketing system. (Ready Landing theme can be used.) The person who logs in will also have a panel-style page. (There are such ready-made systems.) From there, he will add the publisher he finds to his own panel by filling in information such as username and code. Each member will log in to the system with phone and code. It is important that the system is mobile compatible. Poppins will be used as font. With the member in the admin role, we will be able to add members if we w...
I am in need of a data mining expert proficient in Python, machine learning, and Selenium to facilitate a data mining project. If you are interested, so there would be 2 contract fix rate $50/country flow, and $3-5/hr for code's maintainance. Depends on your profile’s experience. $5/script for easier works (like scrap-data transferring between GS&SQL), Purpose of the project: The primary objective is to extract valuable information from a large set of data. The specific type of data to be mined will be shared with the successful candidate. - Skills and Experience: - Proficient in Python - Hands-on experience with Selenium - Thorough understanding of machine learning algorithms - Experience in handling large sets of data - Strong knowledge of d...
Hey, I’m using a theme that have it’s own sign up form but there is no field for entering username. I want to add the enter username field and make it required. We have to do this from the file manager by editing codes.
I'm looking for a Java developer who's experienced with Spring framework to help me with a critical issue. The role-based security for the endpoints in my web application needs to be fixed. Key tasks: - Review the current role-based security implementation. - Identify any vulnerabilities or misconfigurations. - Fix any issues, and enhance the security measures. Ideal skills and experience for the job: - Strong Java programming skills. - Proficient in Spring framework. - Expertise in web application security. Your main goal will be to ensure the endpoints in the application are properly secured and only accessible to users with the correct roles.
...simple, visually appealing, and easy to update/manage, potentially using WordPress. Visual Style: The website should have a modern and professional feel, in line with the nature of our services. The website will have about seven pages: - Home Page - Services Page - Industries Page - About Us Page - Leadership Page - Contact Us Page I'm looking for freelancers who take initiative and can transform basic instructions into a polished product. I will provide the wording and a general overview of the web pages but expect you to help with selecting relevant images and icons. The website must be user-friendly and easy to navigate. Additionally, the freelancer will be expected to provide a minimum of 30 days of support services post-launch to ensure proper functionality a...
Hi, We need a creative scriptwriter with a great sense of humor and knowledge of jokes and meme trends. I need many scripts related to the animal niche. I will ask for a 100 -150 word sample on the topic given by me. It's a long term task we need 8 scripts of 2000 words per week. We will hire multiple writers for this task. Have you had experience writing for a YouTube channel before? If so, we would love to see the links to your work. Additionally, please share some sample scripts that you have written. Payment will be via escrow. Interested candidate please bid. Regards, B
I need an experienced Java developer to examine and fix our endpoints' security features. Currently, we are using JWT for authentication, but we need to verify and test the 'Admin', 'User', and 'Supervisor' roles. Key Tasks: - Test and verify security features for 'Admin', 'User', and 'Supervisor' roles - Ensure endpoints work correctly for each role - Fix any identified security issues Ideal Skills: - Strong background in Java programming - Proficiency in endpoint security - Experience with JWT authentication - Ability to troubleshoot and fix security issues - Excellent understanding of role-based security Your work will be crucial in ensuring our endpoints are secure and functioning as intended.
I'm looking for a professional who is proficient in Get Your Guide, Viator, and Bokun platforms to help me with managing bookings and inventory across these channels. Key Responsibilities: - Tour Posting and Product Management: The selected candidate will post tours and manage products across these platforms. They should also be able to provide valuable advice on how to achieve better results on these platforms. Previous experience with these platforms is a must. A good understanding of the travel industry and online booking systems will be considered an advantage. The ability to provide valuable insights to increase our online visibility and sales is highly desired. Your role will be crucial in ensuring our customers have a smooth booking experience and our inventory is ...
I am looking for an artist who can make a post-apocalyptic town. This piece should prominently feature abandoned buildings, and wandering survivor(s). The desired ambiance for this project is dark and eerie. Similar to a S.T.A.L.K.E.R. Recommend image size 2560x1440. AI images will be rejected / given low priority. Ideal Skills: - Experience in creating apocalyptic-themed artwork - Ability to effectively incorporate buildings into artwork - Skill to evoke dark and eerie moods through art
...packages. All mail thereafter will be paid at $20 per piece. Key Tasks: - Receive mail and notify me when you receive it (with pictures if necessary) - Professionally repackage mail if necessary - Forward mail internationally to the specified address I would need you to have a physical mailbox for this purpose, preferably at your nearest post office. I can reimburse your expense for opening a mailbox upon receiving proof (like a receipt from your post office). Ideal Skills: - Resourcefulness in managing a physical mailbox - Strong communication skills and high availability for frequent communication over text - Preferably familiar with filling out customs forms and sending mail internationally - Preferably familiar with crypto (ie Bitcoin) If you have prior experienc...
I'm in need of a skilled video editor well-versed in Adobe Premiere Pro, who can help create weekly videos for my channel. Key Requirements: - Proficient in Adobe Premiere Pro - Expert level of experience in video editing - Ability to work with provided script and voiceover - Ability to work with a given video style - Willingness to edit 2-3 videos per week - Creative and detail-oriented I expect the successful freelancer to have a strong portfolio showcasing their past video editing work. It should reflect their experience in creating engaging, high-quality videos, and their proficiency with various editing styles. Please include your experience in your application. Price will be discuss. Looking forward to working with a talented and reliable video editor.
...sentence on the logo : Premium consulting for you. I will add the samples and colors I want as pictures. Our company is on international education consultancy. I'm looking for a talented graphic designer to create a professional logo for my business. The main concept of the logo should be to convey professionalism. This logo will be a key part of my brand identity, and I want it to reflect the high quality of my services. The color scheme I have in mind is warm colors, specifically in the reds, oranges, and yellows range. These colors are known to evoke feelings of energy, passion, and friendliness which are all qualities I'd like the logo to represent. In terms of imagery, I'm open to suggestions. However, I would prefer an object as the central theme o...
...collect necessary data for label generation. - Creation of a template for the labels that includes product information like name, description, barcode, SKU, price, and quantity. The template should also incorporate our company logo. - The system should be able to convert the generated labels into PDF format for printing on the specified EPSON models. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in Java, Python, and C# for the API development. - Prior experience in integrating with FACTUSOL or similar ERP systems would be highly beneficial. - Knowledge of EPSON printing mechanisms and capabilities. - Experience in designing and implementing label templates. - Ability to ensure smooth and efficient data flow between FACTUSOL, the API, and the EPSON printers. https://www
I'm looking for an experienced AI developer to build a functional chatbot for a Telegram platform. The chatbot should be capable of providing automated responses to user inquiries. Here's what I am looking for: - In-depth experience in AI, specifically chatbot development. - Knowledge in programming languages suitable for chatbot development such as Python, Java, etc. - Familiarity with the functionalities and technical requirements of a Telegram platform. - Ability to thoroughly test the chatbot to ensure optimal chatbot functionality and user interaction. If you have a demonstrated history in creating successful chatbots, particularly within Telegram, I would love to hear from you.
I'm in need of a competent software developer skilled in the programming languages Java, C#, or Python. This upcoming project specifically involves creating a software that generates QR codes. For this project, you should: -Key Responsibilities: 1. Design a software that efficiently creates QR codes. 2. Ensure the QR codes generated can encode URLs. -Required Skills and Experience: 1. Proficient in Java, C# or Python programming languages. 2. Familiar with QR Code generation and URL encoding. The primary function of the encoded URL in the generated QR codes is to redirect users to a particular website. Therefore, your software should guarantee the QR codes created, when scanned, redirects users smoothly and swiftly to the website in question. If you have the required ...
Hi, We need a creative scriptwriter with a great sense of humor and knowledge of jokes and meme trends. I need many scripts related to the animal niche. I will ask for a 100 -150 word sample on the topic given by me. It's a long term task we need 8 scripts of 2000 words per week. We will hire multiple writers for this task. Have you had experience writing for a YouTube channel before? If so, we would love to see the links to your work. Additionally, please share some sample scripts that you have written. Payment will be via escrow. Interested candidate please bid. Regards, B
I require a Python script that can scrape specific data and images from the top 10 property websites in the UK. The script should be able to: - Extract property prices - Obtain property descriptions - Retrieve contact information for listings - Retrieve the property images I have a list of the top 10 property websites, and the script should be able to work across them all. Since these websites might have different structures, the script should be flexible enough to adapt to these differences. I would also accept 10 different scripts of varying logic if that helps the project to success. Skills and experience needed for this project: - Proficiency in Python programming - Prior experience with web scraping, particularly from dynamic websites - Ability to work...
I'm looking for a skilled Pine Script developer to create a custom strategy for me. The strategy should be based on Exponential Moving Averages (EMA) with specific customizations. Key Requirements: - Developing specific Trade Entry and Exit rules. I need: - Trade Entry Rules based on Moving Averages. - Trade Exit Rules which are to be suggested by you. Ideal Freelancer: - Proficient in Pine Script. - Experience creating EMA based strategies. - Well-versed in developing effective trade entry and exit rules. 1. EMA 7, 25, 99 with check box and adjustment settings. 2. Enter a long Position when EMA 7 and 25 crossed above the EMA 99 line and opposite for short entry. 3. exit trade when EMA 7 line crossed EMA 99 line (check box). 4. Exit previous trade before entering...
I'm in need of an intermediate level Java trainer who would help uplift my skills in this area. The selected freelancer must be proficient in: - Core Java - Java frameworks including, but not limited to, Spring and Hibernate - Advanced Java such as J2EE, JSP, Servlets In-person sessions are preferred, so facilitators who can deliver on-site training will be much appreciated. Prior experience in delivering Java-based tech training programs would be great. The perfect freelancer for this role is one who possesses precise technical knowledge, patience, as well as excellent teaching skills.
We need to develop a script that will massively create descriptions for ~5000 products in a Google spreadsheet. Descriptions should be created via GPT-4 with processing of the product photo, title and current description.
...always reset immediately. I've created backup files which are 160GB, but there may even be unnecessary backup files inside that! Plus uploading the files to the receiving cpanel have failed - possibly due to the large size. Key Tasks: - Move entire reseller hosting account to a new provider - Ensure all websites and data are effectively migrated - Verify and ensure all services are fully operational post-migration Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in cPanel and reseller hosting account management - Experience with data migration between different hosting providers - Strong troubleshooting and problem-solving abilities Note: I do not require assistance with setting up email accounts on the new hosting. Please only bid if you have the relevant experience and can complete this tas...
I'm in need of a Google Script expert to create a script for me. This script will primarily update a Google Slides presentation with data from a Google Spreadsheet. Here's what I need: - The script should update only specific slides within the presentation. - These specific slides will be identified by their slide numbers. - The data to be updated will vary, and may include both text and charts/graphs. Ideal skills and experience for this project include: - Proficiency in Google Apps Script, particularly with regards to Google Slides and Google Sheets integration. - Experience with updating specific slides in a Google Slides presentation. - A good understanding of how to handle and update different types of data within Google Slides, including...
I need a skilled PHP developer who can create a script that fetches information from a specific website when a user inputs a serial ID. Example serial : 2X0BHSB6AUXW5QAX (use this serial to test with) Site B : where the info need to retrive from to scrape information from to site A. Sorry for the bad image, But it is an illustration. Budget is $50 USD for this. If you cant meet this budget, dont bid on this work. Key Requirements: - Develop a PHP script to scrape information from Website B when a user inputs a serial ID on website A. - Ensure the script is efficient and able to handle multiple requests without performance degradation. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficient in PHP and web scraping techniques. - Familiarity with handling user input and
I'm in need of a Classic ASP script that can send transactional messages through WhatsApp. The ideal candidate needs to have a strong understanding of both the ASP and WhatsApp APIs. Key Requirements: - The script should be able to send between 100 to 1000 messages per day. - Each message sent should be personalized. Skills and Experience Needed: - Proficiency in Classic ASP, with previous experience in developing similar scripts. - Knowledge on the WhatsApp API and its integration with ASP. - Proven track record in handling high volume messaging. It's crucial for me that the messages are sent accurately and efficiently, with the ability to personalize each one. A candidate who can develop a reliable and scalable solution for this requirement will be preferred.
I'm in search for an experienced Java programmer with a clear understanding of the .mp4 standard to build a code that encapsulates a data stream in a previously recorded video. Specific knowledge of Ffmpeg is needed. The task at hand mainly revolves around end-processing, as the text file needs to be submerged after the final video compression. The text file will be in the .srt format, and no encryption or compression will be required for this item. Ideal candidate should be familiar with handling these types of video data stream manipulations.
