C Programming —Cache Memory

Objective: To simulate reading and writing to a custom-sized direct-mapped cache, involving a custom-sized main memory. Inputs: The total size of accessible main memory (in words) The total size of the cache (in words) The block size (words/block) A signal to read (0) or write (1) to the cache The main memory address to read from/write to The contents of the address for writing to the cache Outputs: The corresponding cache tag, block, and word for a main memory address The contents of the address resulting from reading/writing to the cache A message indicating either a hit or a miss to the cache Specification: The program simulates reading from and writing to a cache based on choosing from a menu of choices, where each choice calls the appropriate procedure, where the choices are: 1) Enter parameters 2) Access cache for reading/writing and transfer data 3) Quit program Notes:  Use a structure (struct) to represent a cache line consisting of a tag (integer) and a block (integer pointer). Define the cache to be a pointer to the struct.  Upon entering the parameters, the main memory and cache are to be dynamically allocated based on their respective total sizes. Each word i of main memory is initialized with the value M–i, where M is the size of main memory in words. Reading/writing from/to a new block in the cache results in dynamically allocating the block based on the block size. Output： Cache memory allocation and mapping: ------------------------------------ 1) Enter parameters 2) Access cache for reading/writing and transfer data 3) Quit Enter selection: 1 Enter main memory size (words): 65536 Enter cache size (words): 1024 Enter block size (words/block): 16 Cache memory allocation and mapping: ------------------------------------ 1) Enter parameters 2) Access cache for reading/writing and transfer data 3) Quit Enter selection: 2 Select read (0) or write (1): 1 Enter main memory address to write to: 65535 Enter value to write: 14 Write miss! ----------------------------------------------------- | Tag: 63 | Block: 63 | Word: 15 (14) | ----------------------------------------------------- Cache memory allocation and mapping: ------------------------------------ 1) Enter parameters 2) Access cache for reading/writing and transfer data 3) Quit Enter selection: 2 Select read (0) or write (1): 0 Enter main memory address to read from: 65535 Read hit! ----------------------------------------------------- | Tag: 63 | Block: 63 | Word: 15 (14) | ----------------------------------------------------- Cache memory allocation and mapping: ------------------------------------ 1) Enter parameters 2) Access cache for reading/writing and transfer data 3) Quit Enter selection: 2 Select read (0) or write (1): 1 Enter main memory address to write to: 65534 Enter value to write: 512 Write hit! ----------------------------------------------------- | Tag: 63 | Block: 63 | Word: 14 (512) | ----------------------------------------------------- Cache memory allocation and mapping: ------------------------------------ 1) Enter parameters 2) Access cache for reading/writing and transfer data 3) Quit Enter selection: 2 Select read (0) or write (1): 0 Enter main memory address to read from: 1023 Read miss! ----------------------------------------------------- | Tag: 0 | Block: 63 | Word: 15 (64513) | ----------------------------------------------------- Cache memory allocation and mapping: ------------------------------------ 1) Enter parameters 2) Access cache for reading/writing and transfer data 3) Quit Enter selection: 3